biologist and professor Fran? Ois Jacob, who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1965, died Friday, April 19 at the age of 92 years, announced Sunday evening the former Chancellor of the Order of the Liberation Fred Moore, confirming a report in the Huffington Post.

Professor and chair of genetics cell Coll??ge de France (1965-1991), the Companion of the Liberation, a member of the Academy of Sciences (1977) and the French Academy? Comfortable (1996), had been to 2007 to 2011, Chancellor of the Order of the Liberation, the 16th character of the state in the protocol order.

Born June 17, 1920 in Nancy (Meurthe-et-Moselle), Fran? Ois Jacob between July 1940 in the French Forces? Free ease. He participated in the campaigns of Fezzan, Libya, Tripolitania, Tunisia and France. Injured, he will get four quotes.

NOBEL PRIZE IN 1965

He completed his doctorate of medicine at Paris in 1947, but has to give up surgery because of his war wounds. He turned to biology, “by inner necessity and outside chance,” he said in his autobiography, The inner Statue, published in 1987 with her daughter, the publisher Odile Jacob.

In 1950 he entered the service of microbial physiology – led by Andr?? Lwoff – the Pasteur Institute, where he completed his career and he will chair the board of directors from 1982 to 1988.

Appointed assistant in 1951, became a doctor of science degree in 1954, he was head of the laboratory in 1956 and chief of genetic cell from 1960 to 1991. His research on bacterial genetics and control circuits earned him numerous scientific awards, including the Nobel, together with Andr?? Lwoff and Jacques Monod. In 1992, he joined the National Ethics Committee, under figures from research.

AUTHOR OF “THE LOGIC OF LIFE”

Fran? Ois Jacob, also by amateur painting, was the author of numerous scientific articles and several books, including an essay, The Logic of Life (1970), described by the philosopher Michel Foucault “most remarkable history of biology ever written. ” In 1981, he published The Game possible on recent knowledge of biology.

Widower of pianist Lysiane Bloch, whom he married in 1947 and with whom he had four children, Fran? Ois Jacob had remarried in 1999. He was a member of many foreign scientific academies and honorary doctorates from several universities around the world.

Read Edition subscribers: The death of a pioneer of genetic engineering

A man who dreamed his life died in his sleep the director Wladyslaw Znorko. His friends wrote a nice poem for the sad news. They speak of the heart that has stopped beating, at the dawn of Tuesday, March 5, and “quiet and gentle” face of it they called their “captain” who lived in La Gare Franche, a Instead of Marseille where he had installed his company, Cosmos Kolej. Wladyslaw Znorko was 55.

Born in Roubaix in 1958, he was a son of Polish immigrant whose childhood was marked by the taste stories and imaginary geography, the train he was watching, by inventing trips. He wanted to become a painter, he urban interventions of all kinds, then veered to the theater, which he saw as a drunken boat images dreamed. In 1980, Wladyslaw Znorko manufactured fine performances that took us to a Is he alone had the keys. It was in Lyon, where he founded his company, Cosmos Kolej in 1981.

Then he went to live in Ireland, where he remained for seven years, in the village to the west of the isle. On his return, he chose Marseille. He had installed the Gare Franche, “a house, a garden and a disused factory which is a great meeting place and a unique venue for stage performances of poetry like no other,” said Aur??lie Filippetti in a statement .

Opened in 2001, this place was a new port for new trips, he imagined as long as that of Ulysses in the biography he had written in its infancy, has Wladyslaw Znorko announcing his death in 2058?. His heart has decided otherwise. Remains the pulse of remembrance, to the beat of a theater of poetry.

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The morality? That Vincent Peillon today which specifies how education, was born in controversy. The Minister of Education announced on the eve of the new school year in September 2012 that it intended to develop this teaching from primary to high school. Luc Chatel, his predecessor rue de Grenelle, Petain had found a resonance in this country will “intellectual and moral recovery.”

Yet a survey FIFG for Dimanche Ouest-France revealed the following week that 91% of Frenchman favored the initiative, 48% “very favorable.” A mission of the historian Alain Bergounioux, State Councillor R??my Schwartz, and university Loeffel Laurence was responsible for defining the content of this course and think about his assessment. Their report, the Minister was present Monday, April 22, entitled “For the teaching? Than morality.”

Enlightened by six months of readings and hearings of the report, how simply you set the “morality? That?”

The morality? That is a body of knowledge and understanding of the values, principles and rules that, in the Republic, to live together in our common ideal of liberty, equality and fraternity. This must also be a practical implementation of these values ??and rules.

The report calls for “the teaching? Than moral” and not a “morality? That.” Is a reverse after criticism?

It’s the same thing! But I understand the need to reassure two points. First, some would suggest that morality? Would be anti-religious. This is exactly the opposite: it is a common morality at all, and it is precisely the respect that allows freedom and coexistence of individual and private beliefs. Then the morality? That is not a moral state, a “orthodoxy down.” It is the opposite of dogmatism and the gamble of freedom of conscience and judgment of each, which seeks autonomy.

Surveys have also shown that the country had a strong desire that the school grasp of the subject. A more difficult task for teachers?

The parents as well as teachers want this morality? Only. In all the schools I visited, teachers articulate their needs to be allowed to transmit values, that is to say, they are given a share of the resources, and other except that strongly reaffirms its full legitimacy to do so. They are in front of the economic and social crisis, but also civic and moral that we live, sometimes in what some have called the lost territories of the Republic. The whole society, and government, to take responsibility and say clearly: “We are behind you when you are doing on our behalf, the difficult but essential to transmit the values ??of the Republic stain!”

Read the full interview

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Every weekend, a selection of our best content and our favorite links to finish the week a head full of numbers, but with clear ideas .

Monday, Barack Obama is going all out to convince Democrats and Republicans to agree to avoid “fiscal Wall” 2013 should be a year of transition in the financial markets and trackers could be your first product of investor trading.

Tuesday, year and here you change everything will change for your portfolio, our journalists are the list of companies that still create jobs in France, the welfare state is being modernized in India to help the poor out poverty (subscriber edition) and the U.S. threat of “fiscal cliff” away.

On Wednesday, India’s Kingfisher put the key under the door, the United States did not finish with their debate on tax and fiscal policy, Emirates is poised to become the world leader in air transport.

Thursday, OPEC is full of cash thanks to continued high oil prices, the British weekly The Economist continues its “French bashing”, and Fran? Comfortable Games hits the jackpot.

Friday, INSEAD publishes its ranking of the best bosses in the world, the news of TF1 climbs gradually slope and the U.S. auto market found a rude health.

Elsewhere on the Web: the Financial Times compiles the best graphics of the year, the Washington Post says the fiscal cliff “in animated and graphs.”

Bouncers repress at full blast. ? Was heckling,? Yelled,? Has jostles. Adolescent suffocate. The event has nearly thousand “registered” on Facebook, they are almost as trying to sneak on the outskirts of The International – some even waiting patiently since the end of the afternoon. The gauge has exploded long time ago when, at ten o’clock, five cats finally come on stage. “Good evening. We Fauve. Forgive me if? Apart a bit in all directions,” attack the singer, voice frail but alert.

In this third day of the new year, the small room of Moret street in the 11th arrondissement of Paris, odors arena. After five services archi-shielded, two Leather end of 2012, Tan gives the sixth concert of his short life. The show is free, as the four songs that the group has “balanced” to date on its website, each time accompanied by a home video. Downloaded, exchanged recommended compiled their reticular fortune is more to do. To satisfy the ever-growing pack of fans, a “big EP” is promised for spring. As for the album, “we’ll see later.”

Boiling among the twenty-somethings that make up the bulk of the assistance, some oil majors lurking beast. “Indie” to the end of the tail, the combo has declined offers from several labels, majors as independent, but has signed with Asterios, one of the most important countries turners. They say: “a runaway around us, but we do not want to grill the priority is concerts, play, forward is not mature enough?…”

T-shirts, jeans, hats, scattered rings: the setting is simple, period. The five boys have been dating since high school, but playing together since “a year and some.” They have 27 years. Age rock age “hinge”, by their own admission. This sudden fame, they had imagined ten years ago, not expecting more. All work “at heart tee” to pay the rent. They live music as an “Erasmus”, a “bracket”, a “mask” or lawyers yuppies day, wild night.

That night, they ranting against the “limit” of the room, which prevents them from playing stronger. Fawn, they trained to roar their “overflow of emotion” and “fuck the blizzard.” A gesture “selfish initially spontaneous.” On their pale and hairy face, a videographer, a full member of the quintet, planning their logo: the symbol “not equal to”. Behind this “F” stylized crossed behind this parallel is reading? A “sign”, a “totem”. Declaration of uniqueness aversion fences: Tan hears the same leap, get out of the ground, while playing partitions that separate it from its neighbors. One of them grew up among two sets of twins – a way onne you a man?. “Unwittingly, the others are a constant struggle,” one hears of St. Anne.

Paradox again: kids plastronnent to the idea of ??being interviewed by the venerable newspaper Vesper which their parents are subscribers, but demanded anonymity. “No names, just the pronoun” we “,” us ordered one. However, very quickly, “it” becomes “I” and “you” and “we” and “you”? Was tangling and confused, as in their songs. These songs, they tell of “sincere stories” experienced by all “us or our loved ones.” It likes boys and girls, “they” and “them,” the? Them.

“Sorry for the bad words”, the singer apologized to the public. Courtesy prank, Cador big heart, the raw candid words. He speaks of “making saplings Moon”, “stuff horny, life-saving, Cheating Death.” The flow accelerates, the language gets drunk its daring, its jerks. He raps, chants, burp often. Sings sometimes. ? A c ted his guitar-bass-percussion keyboards: group hybrid plays arpeggios new wave, pop choirs, rhythmic hip-hop?. They call? Has the “visual word spoken.” Dr? Animal that the tiger with five heads, wobbly, trivial perhaps, but full of enthusiasm, of going, pace.

Too young to have seen The wild Nights Cyril Collard in its release in 1992, they found out later on, but the title has long haunted. They made their mark:. “When we were children, this film was a symbol of danger, not when we found our name, the project has crystallized, the songs came naturally In painting, the Fauves. favored emotion precision. That’s right, Fauve. An intense color, a cap, a visceral thing, strong, urgent. ”

Idols radius, the kitties cite Aim?? Jacquet, the Pixies, the Wu-Tang Clan, Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Lou Reed, Albert Dupontel – “the list is too long.” Say from pleased families? T easy with population ancestries. Toulouse just a little Norman, gathered in the “necropolis” Paris, capital of solitudes they curse the “hardness”.

On the contrary, they dream Fauve as a “collective and inclusive craft” at the crossroads “projects”, the “steps” of “formats”. Texts, images, photographs, sounds, videos, Beast eats everything from everyone: “It leaves the door open to the maximum, there is the least possible barriers between us and the public People have sent us. texts on the Internet, we have integrated into our songs. ” Girls erotic fanzine Irene are in the room. They have collaborated on one of their clips, DIY wild images, captured, stolen, sampled on the sly.

On stage, a Fauve dare slow and shackled no tubes, Kane, Blizzard. In the crowd, it sways, it kept on shouting, arms in the air, lighter hand. Arnaud Fleurent-Didier crooner is in love, exactly. The Fauve speak of him as a “knight”, a “brother? Born.” Since he discovered them last summer, the author of The Reproduction spreading the good word, no missing concert. A song Fauve, unpublished, comparing the music to “epiphany” is the word.

Comes the ultimate anthem Nights beasts that cl? T the concert. “Well, it’s over. Fauve is called. Come, stay a little, we will drink shots at the bar.” Against the wall, a couple embraces feverishly. “Fine as a planet,” say the Beast. The night has just begun.

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Verbose on prevention or on the necessary adaptation of housing an aging population, Mich??le Delaunay less eloquent on how to finance the reform of addiction. The Minister in charge of the elderly and autonomy ensures that caregivers will not be forgotten. It has especially set up a single window that will inform and guide families. It also prepares measures to reduce the burden remains supported by dependent people and their families.

Repeatedly announced reform of dependence was repeatedly postponed. The Frenchman did they m? Rs?

Mich??le Delaunay: The 16 million baby boomers have seen their parents become dependent but not be prepared. They are ready to bring the revolution that age Conna t our country: France has more elderly than children.

The three reports that you ordered are about to be rendered. What are the next steps?

The calendar is set. The law will be ready in late 2013. In the coming days the reports will be officially handed over, then we will hold consultations with associations, unions, and sure r councils that play an r? Determining the fund since the personal autonomy allowance (APA ).

Exactly spending departments have exploded …

The Prime Minister has set up a working group between the State and the departments will make proposals on the financing of these benefits quickly. We must work together to see how best to allocate state grants to councils.

Three reports, but none of the funding.

The measures are already written down?

The financial balance of the reform and financing arrangements will be discussed at the review of the bill, taking into account the economic and budgetary constraints on France.

An overall increase of the CSG or alignment of the rate of CSG assets that retirees are they studying?

The implementation of the reform will be gradual throughout the five-year period. National solidarity must obviously play, but also individual responsibility. It is time for the generation that is mine to measure the age will last thirty years or more, and it is not unreasonable to anticipate that it should itself this time of life.

Does it pass through private insurance?

There will be no compulsory insurance but can not prevent the Frenchman who wish to subscribe to. However, contracts should be understandable and balanced. Insurers must address these issues.

Your reform will place a high emphasis on prevention. Can we measure its effectiveness?

Prevention is essential to delay the loss of autonomy and thus ultimately to achieve savings. I think, for example, the detection of sensory deficits, which took time to help prevent irremediable isolation. Watch for signs of depression or fragility, two-way trips for the loss of autonomy, is also essential. However, today it is difficult to measure the impact of prevention, due to a lack of perspective.

You emphasize the adaptation of housing. How to encourage Frenchman to seize this issue?

Transform its housing progressively allow people to stay in their homes longer. For baby boomers, accustomed to the latest technologies, equip in robotics, automation, should be natural, which will develop this market. Americans call it the “silver economy” which cro t of 15% per year in the United States. We will seek to build a chain around these employment-generating technologies.

The need for caregivers will be calling in the next few years. But these difficult jobs are poorly paid …

We must ensure that these employees career progression throughout their working lives. These jobs are great integration tools. They should be valued.

Meanwhile, the co t linked to addiction remains high for families.

The will of the president is to promote accessibility to all facilities. To decrease the load remains supported by families, we will focus more public aid to those who need it most. We will also ask the institutions to reduce their co? Ts. Many may, at a regional scale, establish partnerships to share their purchases and savings.

Should we not give status to caregivers, which play an r? Middle finger?

They will not be forgotten, even if we do not use the term status. The aim is to recognize? For them to be manage their working time, get specific holidays. We are also working on the establishment of a single window, which will inform, guide and thus relieve families.

actress Nastassja Kinski accuses his father, German actor Klaus Kinski, have been a “tyrant” who tried to abuse her and she would send in prison if he was still alive when his half-sister said Wednesday that she was raped for years.

“It was a tyrant. I can barely remember that we sat together at the same table,” says Nastassja Kinski, 51, in an interview with German Sunday newspaper Bild am Sonntag. If she had the opportunity today, it would “all go to jail for it.” “When he died, some people told me they were sorry. I did was not,” she adds.

Twenty-two years after the death of the German actor, Hollywood legend tortured, his eldest daughter, Pola, publicly revealed this week that her father had raped her for years.

In a book published in Germany, the actress 60 years recounts the ordeal she suffered from age 5 to 19 years, a tragedy that she had not told until its half-s? heart, Nastassja. Pola Kinski also claims to have written his book in response to the current worship where his father was being presented as a genius actor. “I could not hear,” Your father! Great! A genius! I always liked “When she thinks of him, she said feel only” the disgusted t and a feeling of emptiness. ”

“IT ALWAYS ME TOO AFFECTED”

Nastassja Kinski in Bild am Sonntag said that if Klaus Kinski did not abuse her sexually, “he always tried.” “He always hit me too, he drew me against him so I thought I was not going to release me. At the time I was 4 or 5 years old and we lived in Munich” recounts she says.

“I felt instinctively that this was not the embrace of a loving father, but it was more than a. But I managed to free myself from his embrace. Then I trembled when he was there, “explains the actress, known for her r? including the Tess Roman Polanski, and Paris Texas by Wim Wenders.

Charismatic figure known for his intense gaze and his eyes bulging, Klaus Kinski, who died in 1991 at age 65, is presented as an actor of genius which celebrates films like Aguirre, the Wrath of God and Fitzcarraldo by Werner Herzog signed.

In an autobiographical book published in 1975 entitled Ich bin so wild nach deinem Erdbeermund (I’m so crazy about your mouth with strawberry), the actor married three times and boasted of having “made love a thousand women “recounted his sexual preference for minors, according to the newspaper Bild. He described including the rape of a 15 year old girl, which he covered the cries by putting the TV in background, the newspaper continues.

Exhausted, the book came out in 1991, and refined with the title Ich Liebe brauche (I need love), Bild added. In his memoirs, they also told a miserable childhood and adolescence tortured with an incestuous sexual initiation.

Read edition subscribers Pola Kinski: his father, his genius was a black eagle

Despite the ? 79 billion they manage in France, the 2500 Management consulting independent wealth (IFAs) remain unknown. As private bankers, they administer a portion of their clients’ financial assets (portfolio management) and provide them with solutions for the rest of their assets (real estate, life insurance, family transmission mounts, etc..).

>> Read also: The sword of Damocles that threatens the wealth management advisors (subscribers)

Mere intermediaries, they are not custodians are entrusted to them, but to unearth different houses the best products (funds, life insurance contracts, booklets, etc..).

Chartered FORMED

They owe much of their success to the poor supply of banks, which have been slow to develop specific services for their wealthy clients. Need to have a fortune: 46% of their portfolios are less than 100 000 euros (19% less than ? 50,000), according to the research firm Apr??dia. Well of? With access to private banks thresholds. With less than 250 000 …

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Jean-Fran ois Chougnet is CEO of Marseille-Provence 2013 since April 2011, when he replaced Bernard Latarjet who wore the folder from? origin. History and alumnus of the ENA associate, Jean-Fran? Ois Chougnet led several cultural institutions, including the park and the Grande Halle de la Villette.

Marseille-Provence 2013 raises the curtain in a few days. Are you ready?

Although s? R. Ready to open new areas, including the Panorama Tower Wasteland Belle-de-Mai and the J1. Loans for first exhibitions. Ready for the opening ceremonies, including the contemporary art trail in Aix and Marseille party. But as always in such situations, there are still many things to do in the last days …

Dozens of towns in the Bouches-du-Rh? Do come to demonstrate against the proposed metropolis Marseille borne by the government. This challenge does not she might tarnish the party?

We are not a foreshadowing of the city, not least because our geographical scope is broader. Then there is no institutional challenge, we ad hoc structure. At the same time, through us, culture has become a land where common, including divided about the metropolis, have learned to work together. Result: is used to both supporters and detractors of the metropolis. Supporters because, according to them, if we succeeded on culture, why not continue on other subjects; critics because they say you can see it gets there all alone, we need to be forced. This ambivalence has served us well.

What will you measure the success of the operation?

There are few objective criteria. The main one is the increase in the number of visitors from elsewhere. Guimaraes, Portugal, European Capital in 2012, recorded 30% more visitors, in an area of ??160 000 inhabitants. With our 1.8 million, we expect a growth of 20%, such as Lille and Liverpool. Which would rise above 10 million tourists per year. We did not want to set other targets. Economic benefits, for example, are difficult to measure. The number of people in the street, it is approximate. Are they all came to the event?

Already, what are the achievements to the credit of MP2013?

The basket is full. Marseille-Provence 2013 benefited from the completion of the great Euro-Mediterranean project, launched in the 1990s. In this context, we will open in March, Villa Mediterranean exhibition center and conference imagined and managed by the region. In June, it was the turn of Mucem, the Museum of Civilization in Europe and the Mediterranean. We also open the hangar J1, large cultural center in the heart of the port. Finally, we conclude the new Regional Contemporary Art Fund (FRAC). These projects were planned. Marseille-Provence 2013, has accelerated. The other important element is the effort to renovate the city’s major museums: the Longchamp Palace for Fine Arts, the Museum of History and the castle Borelli becomes the Museum of Decorative Arts, fashion and fa? ence. If one adds the halls, the total investment made is quite staggering.

Your project turned to the Mediterranean, but where are the Mediterranean countries?

We did not want to match with the country. And happily. The case was con? U in 2007. Meanwhile, the “Arab Spring” have changed all our stakeholders … However, many artists of Mediterranean countries are present in the workshops, in exhibitions, performances in …

The news was she affected the organization?

Necessarily. Invite Arab artists and Israeli artists is still extremely difficult. Similarly, the Turkish cultural boycott after the passage of the law on the Armenian genocide has created serious obstacles. The evolution of the “Arab spring” has also made more complex administrative authorities in some countries. It has sometimes been one of his most difficult the big question: what is an Arab artist? Does he live in an Arab country? Having nationality, be born? With a very clear response element: the artists themselves do not want national labels.

To select the events you chose to appeal projects. Do not you created frustration?

This is certain. We wanted to generate ideas. We succeeded. But we have not gone after the procedure. If a call for proposals is launched, you need to select independent experts, as does the European Union, if it is still suspected of favoring these or those. As often in France, we stopped in midstream and have created suspicion and frustration. You must choose: either you build a program, FA is classic, it is actually a call for proposals and accepts the consequences?. Let however the positive side of the story: no one imagined that 2000 records would be filed. This is proof that people wanted to participate.

MP2013 will gather for one year, under the same banner, Marseille cultural archipelago. How to make a unit remains after 2013?

Communities worked together. The economic world is passionate for this adventure, while their investment in culture was previously very low. We created a draft regional network of institutions, particularly in the performing arts. I do not think anything? Has disappear work. The pieces of the puzzle are on the table, but how will it be arranged? I honestly do not know.

Conversely, not there a risk to take in Marseille cultural archipelago in the ranks?

The would we wanted, we would not have arrived at the Marseille erase history. Here, cultural policy has never structured around an institutional network. It is a perennial that elsewhere associations. But he must learn to work with others. This is what we wanted to enhance. We arrived more or less, depending on the field. This is just one step, it will continue in this direction, taking care not to break the fabric so rich.

By creating large institutions for co? Ts high functioning, do not you go choke small structures at risk of turning Marseille “capital of rupture” in the words of rapper Keny Arkana?

These new facilities are just catching up which was great. That said, the risk is that you describe. We anticipated forcing communities to engage in writing not to siphon budgets culture to put on the cultural capital had. For the future, the fact that the common state, all levels are present divides the future effort. However, these institutions will open in a tight budgetary situation for all communities. We’ll have to take his priorities state redeploying to the PACA region, the region giving more to his city-center, Marseille assuming it has to spend more on culture …

A regret, a hope?

Regret at having lost a few projects underway, including the exhibition Albert Camus. May also have overlooked some disciplines: design, fashion, hip-hop … As for hope, it is simple: it is to keep up on the year and pass the baton effectively to those who come after us so they build a sustainable system.

On the Web: www.mp2013.fr.

Cuban President Raul Castro has re u Sunday, February 24 a “last” five years to continue reforms and prepare his succession to the head Cuba, with a new number two, Miguel Diaz-Canel, a fifties called to lead the Republic of Cuba’s future without Castro.

The appointment “is a definitive step towards a smooth and orderly transfer of power loads to new generations,” said Raul Castro cl? Ture of the inaugural session of the new National Assembly has to elect the 31 members the State Council, the supreme organ of the Cuban executive. “In my case, this is the last term,” he added, pr? Ing a “natural and systematic process” Changing of the historical generation of the revolution came to power with Fidel Castro in 1959.

SUCCESSOR APPOINTED

Electronics engineer, former Minister of Higher Education, Miguel Diaz-Canel had become, in March 2012, one of eight vice-presidents of the Council of Ministers and has recently gained a lot of visibility in the Cuban political landscape. Now first vice president of the State Council, member since 2003 politburo almighty Communist Party of Cuba (PCC), Miguel Diaz-Canel, taking 53 years in April, appears t now as the designated successor Raul Castro, 81, who has self-imposed a limit of two terms of five years to key management.

And this succession, normally provided in 2018 to the end of the term, could be anticipated. Even if it was in jest, Raul Castro spoke of his possible removal during an impromptu meeting with reporters. “I will resign. I’ll have 82 years, I have the right to withdraw. Do not you think?” he launched Friday reporters laughing with his bodyguards while accompanying Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev in a Soviet military cemetery in Havana.

The expected improvement of the State Council has also taken the face of Mercedes Lopez Acea, 48, first secretary of the CPC in the province of Havana. Engineer arboriculture and one woman of the fifteen members of the Political Bureau of the CPC, she became the youngest of five vice-presidents of the State Council. Among the four Vice-Presidents of the Council of State appointed by the National Assembly during its inaugural meeting, figure out the first Vice-President Jose Ramon Machado Ventura, 82 years.

FIDEL CASTRO ovation

Two other outgoing retain their position of Vice President, the historic leader Ramiro Valdes, 80, and Gladys Bejerano, 66, head of the authority control? Financial state.

The fifth vice-president is the head of the Central Association of State CTC, Salvador Valdes Mesa, 67, who was already a member of the State Council.

Before appointing the 31 members of the Council of State, 612 members gathered at the Palace of Conventions in Havana, including former President Fidel Castro, 86, cheered for one of his rare public outings, have adopted a new president. Esteban Lazo, an economist who turns 69 Tuesday, has taken over the academic and diplomat Ricardo Alarcon, 75, who chose not to stand in the strategic position he held since 1993. Main black politician Cuba, known for its orthodoxy, Esteban Lazo was previously one of five vice-presidents of the State Council.

The next five-year term will be a test bed to discern how the potential candidates to succeed lead the reforms introduced by Raul Castro since 2008.

“Nobody can govern with the charismatic legitimacy of historical leaders, it will be a period of experimentation, potential candidates must demonstrate their ability to shape the future of Cuba,” ruled the Cuban political scientist Carlos Alzugaray.

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